From 46d1a342bceea2ddc9f1341beb7b0eee6b65eb10 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Max HeadRoom Date: Tue, 26 Aug 2025 09:12:44 +0200 Subject: [PATCH] Update gestio_dockers.md --- gestio_dockers.md | 239 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 239 insertions(+) diff --git a/gestio_dockers.md b/gestio_dockers.md index dbc8b8d..592b47c 100644 --- a/gestio_dockers.md +++ b/gestio_dockers.md @@ -1,3 +1,242 @@ +

Install Docker Engine on Debian

Table of contents

To get started with Docker Engine on Debian, make sure you +meet the prerequisites, and then follow the +installation steps.

Prerequisites

Firewall limitations

+Warning

Before you install Docker, make sure you consider the following +security implications and firewall incompatibilities.

OS requirements

To install Docker Engine, you need the 64-bit version of one of these Debian +versions:

Docker Engine for Debian is compatible with x86_64 (or amd64), armhf, arm64, +and ppc64le (ppc64el) architectures.

Uninstall old versions

Before you can install Docker Engine, you need to uninstall any conflicting packages.

Your Linux distribution may provide unofficial Docker packages, which may conflict +with the official packages provided by Docker. You must uninstall these packages +before you install the official version of Docker Engine.

The unofficial packages to uninstall are:

Moreover, Docker Engine depends on containerd and runc. Docker Engine +bundles these dependencies as one bundle: containerd.io. If you have +installed the containerd or runc previously, uninstall them to avoid +conflicts with the versions bundled with Docker Engine.

Run the following command to uninstall all conflicting packages:

$ for pkg in docker.io docker-doc docker-compose podman-docker containerd runc; do sudo apt-get remove $pkg; done
+

apt-get might report that you have none of these packages installed.

Images, containers, volumes, and networks stored in /var/lib/docker/ aren't +automatically removed when you uninstall Docker. If you want to start with a +clean installation, and prefer to clean up any existing data, read the +uninstall Docker Engine section.

Installation methods

You can install Docker Engine in different ways, depending on your needs:

Install using the apt repository

Before you install Docker Engine for the first time on a new host machine, you +need to set up the Docker apt repository. Afterward, you can install and update +Docker from the repository.

  1. Set up Docker's apt repository.

    # Add Docker's official GPG key:
+sudo apt-get update
+sudo apt-get install ca-certificates curl
+sudo install -m 0755 -d /etc/apt/keyrings
+sudo curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/debian/gpg -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc
+sudo chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc
+
+# Add the repository to Apt sources:
+echo \
+  "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc] https://download.docker.com/linux/debian \
+  $(. /etc/os-release && echo "$VERSION_CODENAME") stable" | \
+  sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null
+sudo apt-get update
    +Note

    If you use a derivative distribution, such as Kali Linux, +you may need to substitute the part of this command that's expected to +print the version codename:

    $(. /etc/os-release && echo "$VERSION_CODENAME")
+

    Replace this part with the codename of the corresponding Debian release, +such as bookworm.

  2. Install the Docker packages.

    +

    To install the latest version, run:

    $ sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin
+

  3. Verify that the installation is successful by running the hello-world image:

    $ sudo docker run hello-world
+

    This command downloads a test image and runs it in a container. When the +container runs, it prints a confirmation message and exits.

You have now successfully installed and started Docker Engine.

+Tip

Receiving errors when trying to run without root?

The docker user group exists but contains no users, which is why you’re required +to use sudo to run Docker commands. Continue to +Linux postinstall +to allow non-privileged users to run Docker commands and for other optional configuration steps.

Upgrade Docker Engine

To upgrade Docker Engine, follow step 2 of the +installation instructions, +choosing the new version you want to install.

Install from a package

If you can't use Docker's apt repository to install Docker Engine, you can +download the deb file for your release and install it manually. You need to +download a new file each time you want to upgrade Docker Engine.

  1. Go to https://download.docker.com/linux/debian/dists/.

  2. Select your Debian version in the list.

  3. Go to pool/stable/ and select the applicable architecture (amd64, +armhf, arm64, or s390x).

  4. Download the following deb files for the Docker Engine, CLI, containerd, +and Docker Compose packages:

    • containerd.io_<version>_<arch>.deb
    • docker-ce_<version>_<arch>.deb
    • docker-ce-cli_<version>_<arch>.deb
    • docker-buildx-plugin_<version>_<arch>.deb
    • docker-compose-plugin_<version>_<arch>.deb

  5. Install the .deb packages. Update the paths in the following example to +where you downloaded the Docker packages.

    $ sudo dpkg -i ./containerd.io_<version>_<arch>.deb \
+  ./docker-ce_<version>_<arch>.deb \
+  ./docker-ce-cli_<version>_<arch>.deb \
+  ./docker-buildx-plugin_<version>_<arch>.deb \
+  ./docker-compose-plugin_<version>_<arch>.deb
+

    The Docker daemon starts automatically.

  6. Verify that the installation is successful by running the hello-world image:

    $ sudo service docker start
+$ sudo docker run hello-world
+

    This command downloads a test image and runs it in a container. When the +container runs, it prints a confirmation message and exits.

You have now successfully installed and started Docker Engine.

+Tip

Receiving errors when trying to run without root?

The docker user group exists but contains no users, which is why you’re required +to use sudo to run Docker commands. Continue to +Linux postinstall +to allow non-privileged users to run Docker commands and for other optional configuration steps.

Upgrade Docker Engine

To upgrade Docker Engine, download the newer package files and repeat the +installation procedure, pointing to the new files.

Install using the convenience script

Docker provides a convenience script at +https://get.docker.com/ to install Docker into +development environments non-interactively. The convenience script isn't +recommended for production environments, but it's useful for creating a +provisioning script tailored to your needs. Also refer to the +install using the repository steps to learn +about installation steps to install using the package repository. The source code +for the script is open source, and you can find it in the +docker-install repository on GitHub.

Always examine scripts downloaded from the internet before running them locally. +Before installing, make yourself familiar with potential risks and limitations +of the convenience script:

+Tip

Preview script steps before running. You can run the script with the --dry-run option to learn what steps the +script will run when invoked:

$ curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com -o get-docker.sh
+$ sudo sh ./get-docker.sh --dry-run
+

This example downloads the script from +https://get.docker.com/ and runs it to install the +latest stable release of Docker on Linux:

$ curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com -o get-docker.sh
+$ sudo sh get-docker.sh
+Executing docker install script, commit: 7cae5f8b0decc17d6571f9f52eb840fbc13b2737
+<...>
+

You have now successfully installed and started Docker Engine. The docker +service starts automatically on Debian based distributions. On RPM based +distributions, such as CentOS, Fedora, RHEL or SLES, you need to start it +manually using the appropriate systemctl or service command. As the message +indicates, non-root users can't run Docker commands by default.

Use Docker as a non-privileged user, or install in rootless mode?

The installation script requires root or sudo privileges to install and +use Docker. If you want to grant non-root users access to Docker, refer to the +post-installation steps for Linux. +You can also install Docker without root privileges, or configured to run in +rootless mode. For instructions on running Docker in rootless mode, refer to +run the Docker daemon as a non-root user (rootless mode).

Install pre-releases

Docker also provides a convenience script at +https://test.docker.com/ to install pre-releases of +Docker on Linux. This script is equal to the script at get.docker.com, but +configures your package manager to use the test channel of the Docker package +repository. The test channel includes both stable and pre-releases (beta +versions, release-candidates) of Docker. Use this script to get early access to +new releases, and to evaluate them in a testing environment before they're +released as stable.

To install the latest version of Docker on Linux from the test channel, run:

$ curl -fsSL https://test.docker.com -o test-docker.sh
+$ sudo sh test-docker.sh
+

Upgrade Docker after using the convenience script

If you installed Docker using the convenience script, you should upgrade Docker +using your package manager directly. There's no advantage to re-running the +convenience script. Re-running it can cause issues if it attempts to re-install +repositories which already exist on the host machine.

Uninstall Docker Engine

  1. Uninstall the Docker Engine, CLI, containerd, and Docker Compose packages:

    $ sudo apt-get purge docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin docker-ce-rootless-extras
+

  2. Images, containers, volumes, or custom configuration files on your host +aren't automatically removed. To delete all images, containers, and volumes:

    $ sudo rm -rf /var/lib/docker
+$ sudo rm -rf /var/lib/containerd
+

  3. Remove source list and keyrings

    $ sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list
+$ sudo rm /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc
+

You have to delete any edited configuration files manually.

Next steps

+ +

Una página con trucos de Docker

https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-remove-docker-images-containers-and-volumes-es